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The treaties between Persia and Sparta
The treaties between Persia and Sparta: series of three treaties between Sparta and the Achaemenid Empire, concluded in 412 and 411. Sparta needed Persian support in the Decelean War but had little to offer, received nothing, and lost its reputation…The Will of Ptolemy VIII Physcon
Will of Ptolemy VIII Physcon: the text in which Ptolemy VIII Physcon in 155 BCE bequeathed the Cyrenaica to Rome. The will…
Thelsae, Nabataean altar |
Thucydides on Aneristus and Nicolaus
The main result of the Peloponnesian War was that the Persian Empire improved its position in Asia Minor. Several Greek cities that had for half a century been protected by the Delian League, became dependent upon the Great King. No…Thucydides on the Battle of Mantinea (418 BCE)
Battle of Mantinea (418 BCE): important battle, in which Sparta restored its reputation as superpower, by defeating a coalition of Argos, Mantinea, and Elis, supported by Athens. …Thucydides on the Colonization of Sicily
Sicily The Athenian historian Thucydides (c.460-c.395) wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War, which was fought between Athens and Sparta in…Thucydides on the destruction of the Athenian army
Sicily The Athenian historian Thucydides (c.460-c.395) wrote the History of the Peloponnesian War, which was fought between Athens and Sparta in…Thucydides on the fall of Amphipolis
Fall of Amphipolis (424/423): one of the most important operations during the Archidamian War (431-421 BCE). It put an end to a series of Athenian successes and made the Athenians more willing to contemplate an armistice. The Spartan and Athenian…Thucydides on the first victory of Phormio
The battlefield: the entrance to the Corinthian Gulf (top right) The Archidamian War (431-421) has been called a fight between an…Thucydides on the outbreak of the Archidamian war
The Peloponnesian War started with a covert operation. It was important for Thebes to capture Plataea, because it controlled the roads to the Theban allies on the Peloponnese (Corinth and Sparta), and it is not surprising that the Thebans wanted…Thucydides on the Peace of Nicias
Peace of Nicias: treaty that marked the end of the Archidamian War (431-421). Thucydides In March 421, the Peace of Nicias was…Thucydides on the Plague
The skull of an eleven year old girl, victim of the plague, found in the Kerameikos cemetery; archaeologists have called…