Livy, Periochae 31-35

Titus Livius or Livy (59 BCE - 17 CE): Roman historian, author of the authorized version of the history of the Roman republic.

A large part of Livy's History of Rome since the Foundation is now lost, but fortunately we have an excerpt, called the Periochae, which helps us reconstruct the general scope. This translation was made by Jona Lendering.

Chapter
31
32
33
34
35
Section
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

From Book 35

[35.1] To take away, if possible, the fear Hannibal still inspired in the Roman people, Publius [Cornelius] Scipio Africanus, who was sent as an envoy to [king] Antiochus [III the Great], spoke to Hannibal, who had joined Antiochus, in Ephesus.


[35.2] When he asked him, among other things, who he considered to be the greatest general, he replied that this was king Alexander [the Great] of Macedonia, because with a small army, he had routed innumerable armies, and had reached the furthest coasts, which are beyond human hope to see.


[35.3] Asking who he believed was the second, he replied "Pyrrhus, who taught us how to built a camp; until now, no one has ever chosen better positions or built better fortifications".


[35.4] When Scipio continued and asked who was the third, Hannibal  mentioned himself.


[35.5] With a smile, Scipio asked, "What would you have said if you had defeated me?"


[35.6] "In that case," Hannibal replied, "I would have placed myself before Alexander and Pyrrhus."


[35.7] Among other omens, of which many are reported, was a cow that is said to have spoken to consul Gnaeus Domitius, "Take care, Rome!"


[35.8] [192] Nabis, the tyrant of the Spartans, abandoned, on the instigation of the Aetolians, who wanted to invite both [king] Philip [V of Macedonia] and Antiochus to wage war against the Roman people, his alliance with the Romans, but was killed by the Aetolians during the war he waged against Philopoemen, the leader of the Achaeans.


[35.9] The Aetolians abandoned their alliance with Rome too.


[35.10] After concluding an alliance, king Antiochus of Syria invaded Greece and captured many cities, including Chalcis and the whole of Euboea.


[35.11] Itnote also contains wars in Liguria and the preparations for the war provoked by Antiochus.