Oxyathres (Old Persian Vaxšuvarda; c.375-after 324): brother of the last king of the Achaemenid Empire, Darius III Codomannus, and courtier of Alexander the Great.
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Pacorus: little-known king of Armenia (r. c.150 - 162 CE), probably from the Arsacid dynasty.To us, king of Pacorus of Armenia is merely a name. According to the Historia Augusta, the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius (r.138-161), appointed this Pacorus king of the Lazi,…
Paeones (Greek Παίονες) or Paeonians: mixed Thracian-Illyrian nation, living on the banks of the upper reaches of the rivers Axius and Strymon.Country
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Palmyra or Tadmor: oasis in the desert between Damascus and the Euphrates, important trade center, and capital of a semi-indepent state in the third century CE.Bronze Age
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Empire
To the east of Palmyra, beyond the Euphrates, was the Parthian Empire. Just like Rome, it had existed since time immemorial, although it was not a central state, but more like a confederation of city states, kingdoms, and tribes. Among…