Demosthenes (†413 BCE): important Athenian commander during the Archidamian War and the Sicilian Expedition.
Portait of an unknown Athenian general
In 431…
Devotio: the ritual dedication of an enemy, or self-dedication, to the gods of the Underworld. This Roman custom is also known from other ancient nations.Roman Ritual
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Dictator: Roman magistrate with extraordinary powers, appointed during an emergency. The word dictator originally meant "the one who dictates" or "gives orders". The negative connotation is a later development.
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Battle of Himera (480 BCE): decisive Syracusan victory over the Carthaginians, which secured Syracuse's hegemonial position in the fifth century. This is the translation of Diodorus, World History 11.20-23, made by C.H. Oldfather.The Carthaginians, we recall, had agreed with the Persians…
In 410-405, Carthage waged war against the Greeks of Sicily and was able to conquer several cities: Selinus, Himera, Acragas, and Gela. An epidemic in their army prevented them from advancing to Syracuse, where Dionysius became tyrant. He and the…