The territories of the Spartan alliance reached as far north as Megara, which served as a base to move to Athens. More to the north, beyond the Cithaeron mountains, was Plataea, situated halfway between Megara and Thebes, another ally of…
Tolsum Writing-Tablet or Tabula Tolsummiana: oldest written text from the Netherlands.
Tolsum, writing tablet (front)
In 1914, laborers digging in the "terp"…
The Roman jurist Ulpian (c.170-228) was born in Tyre, and was proud about it. In his book On Taxes, he commented upon his city's juridical status: its citizens had full Roman citizen rights ("Italian law"). The section is known from…
Uruk King List: historiographical document from ancient Babylonia, mentioning the length of the reigns of several kings from Kandalanu (r.647-627) to the Seleucid king Seleucus II Callinicus (r.246-226/225).
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Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions: collection of Old Persian cuneiform texts from the sixth, fifth, and fourth centuries BCE, left by the Achaemenid kings on their official monuments.X Seals
(a)
1. Xšayâršâ
2. \ XŠ \ vazraka
The great king Xerxes
(b)
1. adam \ Xšay
2. âršâ \ XŠ
I am king…
Aigospotamoi: the final battle of the Peloponnesian War (431-404). In September 405, the Athenians were decisively defeated by the Spartans and lost their navy. As a result, the siege and fall of Athens became inevitable.
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Xenophon (c.430-c.354): Athenian soldier and historian, author of the Anabasis and Hellenica. He is one of the best-known and most widely read of all Greek authors.In 405, the Spartan admiral Lysander defeated the Athenians at Aigospotamoi. This meant the end…
Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions: collection of Old Persian cuneiform texts from the sixth, fifth, and fourth centuries BCE, left by the Achaemenid kings on their official monuments.XH, inscription on a silver pitcher from Ecbatana
Inscription in Old Persian on a fragment of a silver pitcher.
Xšayâršâha…