Ukraine

Black Sea

Black Sea: Sea between Europa and Asia, in Antiquity called Πόντος Εὔξεινος or Pontus Euxinus, "hospitable sea". It was surrounded by Scythia in the north, Thrace in the southwest, Anatolia in the south, and Colchis in the southeast. Its main outlet was…

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Herodotus, bk 4, logos 10

Herodotus of Halicarnassus (c.480-c.429 BCE): Greek researcher, often called the world's first historian. In The Histories, he describes the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire under its kings Cyrus the Great, Cambyses, and Darius I the Great, culminating in Xerxes' expedition to Greece (480 BCE), which met with disaster…

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Herodotus, bk 4, logos 11

Herodotus of Halicarnassus (c.480-c.429 BCE): Greek researcher, often called the world's first historian. In The Histories, he describes the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire under its kings Cyrus the Great, Cambyses, and Darius I the Great, culminating in Xerxes' expedition to Greece (480 BCE), which met with disaster…

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Samarkand, Archaeological Museum of Afrosiab

Situated on the edge of the Afrosiab excavations in Samarkand (ancient Maracanda), this museum has archaeological finds documenting Prehistory, the Sogdian age, the Hellenistic period, the Kushans, Buddhism and Zoroastrianism, and (on the second floor) the Middle Ages. The room…

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Sarmatians

Sarmatians: coalition of Iranian nomadic tribes, which moved gradually from the Caspian plains to eastern Europe and threatened the Roman empire. …

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