Volubilis

History

• 

  Probably founded by the Carthaginians in the third century BCE; contacts with Berbers
• Fertile area, many agrarian products
• Independent area after the Second Punic War
• Kingdom of Juba of Mauretania; Volubilis probably was its capital
• The emperor Caligula (r.37-41 CE) invited the last Mauretanian king, Ptolemy, son of Juba II, to Rome and had him killed.^note[Cassius Dio, Roman History 59.25.1; Suetonius, Caligula 35.1, Pliny the Elder, Pliny the Elder, Natural History 5.11.]
• Revolt of Aedemon; final annexation in 44, by Claudius. Mauretania divided into two provinces: Mauretania Tingitana (west) and Mauretania Caesariensis (east). The annexation is documented in the inscription of Marcus Valerius Severus
• The Romans never fully subdued the Berbers
• Remained occupied in the Byzantine age
• Latin was the spoken language until the Arab conquests (c.700 CE)

Volubilis, Sculpture of a dog	Volubilis, Mosaic of Aeolus	Volubilis, Arch of Caracalla	Volubilis, Temple
Volubilis, Mosaic	Volubilis, Juba II	Volubilis, Cato	Volubilis, Stela of Marcus Valerius Severus ()